39 KiB
Pressure-Balancing and Flow-Divider Valves in the Spanish Market: Options, Features, and Suppliers
Executive Summary
This report provides a detailed analysis of the market for pressure-balancing and flow-divider valves in Spain. It examines the key suppliers, the types of valves available, their principal features, and guidance on obtaining pricing and technical specifications. The analysis indicates a robust market with a mix of international and local manufacturers catering to diverse industrial and HVAC applications. Pressure-balancing valves are increasingly important due to the focus on energy efficiency, while flow-divider valves play a crucial role in systems requiring synchronized or proportional fluid flow. Understanding the options and suppliers outlined in this report will enable engineers and procurement specialists in Spain to make well-informed decisions for their specific needs.
1. Introduction to Pressure-Balancing and Flow-Divider Valves
1.1 Pressure-Balancing Valves
Pressure-balancing valves are critical components in fluid systems designed to maintain a consistent flow rate or pressure, regardless of variations in the system's conditions 1. These valves employ internal mechanisms that automatically adjust the valve opening in response to pressure or flow fluctuations. This ensures that downstream equipment receives the intended amount of fluid at the desired pressure, leading to improved system performance and stability. The technology used in these valves is increasingly focused on optimizing energy consumption in various applications 1. The growing emphasis on energy efficiency in building systems across Europe, including Spain, has led to a rising demand for pressure-balancing valves that can contribute to significant energy savings by optimizing flow in variable flow pumping systems and addressing issues like low Delta T syndrome 3.
Pressure-balancing valves find extensive use in HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems. They are essential for precise temperature control in buildings by maintaining the correct flow through heating and cooling coils, fan coil units, and other terminal devices 1. In industrial processes, these valves play a vital role in ensuring consistent pressure delivery to sensitive equipment, which is crucial for maintaining product quality and operational safety. For instance, they can be used in manufacturing processes that require a stable fluid pressure for accurate and repeatable operations.
1.2 Flow-Divider Valves
Flow-divider valves serve the fundamental purpose of splitting a single stream of hydraulic fluid into two or more distinct flows 7. These valves utilize different internal designs, such as spools or gears, to achieve this division. Spool-type flow dividers typically employ a sliding mechanism to direct the incoming flow into multiple outlets 7. Gear-type flow dividers, on the other hand, use interconnected gears to ensure a proportional distribution of the fluid 8. The ability to accurately divide a hydraulic flow is essential in numerous applications requiring coordinated movement or operation of multiple hydraulic actuators.
The applications for flow-divider valves are widespread across various industries. In agriculture, they are used in machinery to ensure the synchronized operation of multiple hydraulic cylinders, such as in leveling mechanisms or harvesting equipment 7. The lifting equipment sector also relies on flow dividers for the safe and coordinated movement of loads 7. Within industrial machinery, these valves are crucial for synchronizing cylinders in presses, material handling systems, and construction equipment, ensuring smooth and controlled movements 8. The diverse applications highlight the broad industrial need for reliable flow-divider valves in the Spanish market.
2. Pressure-Balancing Valves in Spain: Options, Features, and Suppliers
2.1 Key Suppliers
The Spanish market for balancing valves is served by a combination of global manufacturers and local distributors. Volza.com provides data on companies importing balancing valves into Spain, identifying INOXPA S A U, AMPO S COOP, and AMPO S COOP DIV VALVULAS POYAM as significant importers 11. While this data focuses on import activity, it suggests the presence of these companies in the Spanish market. AK Valves Ltd is listed as a supplier of balancing valves 12, although their direct operations in Spain are not specified in the provided material.
Key manufacturers with a strong presence or focus on the Spanish market include Belimo, KSB, and Caleffi. Belimo offers a wide range of pressure independent control valves known for their energy efficiency and advanced features 1. KSB provides a comprehensive portfolio of balancing valves, including static, dynamic, and pressure-independent options, catering to various building service applications 16. Caleffi is another significant player, offering static, dynamic, and thermal balancing valves for plumbing and hydronic systems 26.
2.2 Pressure Independent Control Valves (PICVs)
Pressure Independent Control Valves (PICVs) are advanced balancing valves that offer significant benefits in HVAC systems, particularly in variable flow applications. Their key features include the ability to dynamically balance the load under all operating conditions, provide accurate flow readings for commissioning and building management systems, and effectively eliminate issues associated with low Delta T syndrome 3. This capability to maintain consistent flow despite pressure fluctuations contributes to enhanced energy efficiency and occupant comfort. Belimo emphasizes the role of their PICV technology in maximizing energy savings, indicating a strong market driver in Spain where energy efficiency is a growing concern 3.
Belimo offers several models of PICVs, including the PIQCV, EPIV, and Energy Valve 3. The PIQCV is a super compact 2-way valve available in sizes ½”– ¾” with a flow rate of up to 9 GPM. The EPIV is an electronic 2-way valve, with a 6-way option, available in sizes ½”– 6” and flow rates up to 713 GPM, offering true flow measurement capabilities. The Energy Valve, also available in sizes ½”– 6” and flow rates up to 713 GPM, is designed to optimize, document, and prove the performance of water coils. Its technology has been recognized for its effectiveness in addressing low Delta T syndrome and providing transparency on system performance 1. KSB also provides PICVs under their BOA-Control PIC series, which combines a continuously adjustable flow controller and a control valve for hydraulic balancing and dynamic volume flow control. These valves feature an adjustable flow setpoint with a digital scale and an option for actuator mounting for electrical control 16. Caleffi also lists Pressure Independent Control Valves (PICV) within their product range 28.
Information regarding the pricing of PICVs in Spain is not readily available in the provided material. However, a list price of 166,00 EUR is mentioned for the Belimo R225FL-J valve 6. To obtain a comprehensive price list or request a quote for Belimo PICVs in Spain, it is recommended to visit the Belimo Spain website, navigate to the "Products" section, and explore the Pressure Independent Control Valves category 6. Users can also contact Belimo Spain directly using the contact information provided on their website 6. Similarly, for KSB PICVs, the available information suggests contacting KSB Spain directly for a price list or quote request 16. For Caleffi PICVs, it is advisable to browse their international site or contact them for specific pricing in Spain 30.
2.3 Static Balancing Valves
Static balancing valves are designed for manual adjustment of flow rates in hydronic systems and often include features like flow meters or pressure test ports to facilitate accurate measurement and balancing 30. KSB offers the BOA-Control SBV, a maintenance-free static balancing valve with threaded ends, continuous presetting, and measurement ports for pressure, differential pressure, and flow 16. Caleffi provides several static balancing valve options, including the QuickSetter+ which features a temperature gauge and a built-in flow meter 29. Their product range also includes the QuickSetter (hydronics) and Flo-Set series, which are pressure-dependent balancing valves with integral flow meters or pressure test ports 30. Various series of Caleffi balancing valves (130, 142) are available with features such as flow meters, pressure test ports, and different connection types 26. The integration of flow meters and temperature gauges in valves like Caleffi's QuickSetter+ underscores the importance of on-site measurement for effective static balancing.
Pricing information for KSB and Caleffi static balancing valves in Spain is not directly provided in the research material. To obtain this information, it is recommended to contact KSB Spain 16 and Caleffi 30 directly through their respective websites or contact channels.
2.4 Dynamic Balancing Valves
Dynamic balancing valves are characterized by their ability to maintain a set flow rate despite fluctuations in pressure within the system. This pressure independence is typically achieved through the use of fixed flow cartridges within the valve 30. Caleffi offers several dynamic balancing valves, including the FlowCal+ series (available in both y-body and compact versions) and the FlowCal series (also in y-body and compact versions) 30. These valves ensure a stable flow rate, contributing to system efficiency and comfort. For pricing information on Caleffi dynamic balancing valves in Spain, direct contact with Caleffi is advised 30.
2.5 Thermal Balancing Valves
Thermal balancing valves are specifically designed to control temperature in domestic hot water (DHW) systems through a modulating action. Caleffi provides thermal balancing valves under their ThermoSetter series, which includes compact and large body versions 30. These valves help maintain a consistent and comfortable hot water temperature by automatically adjusting the flow based on temperature variations. For pricing details on Caleffi thermal balancing valves in Spain, it is recommended to contact Caleffi directly 30.
2.6 Comparative Table of Pressure-Balancing Valves
The following table provides a comparison of representative pressure-balancing valves from key suppliers in Spain:
| Supplier | Valve Type | Representative Model | Key Features | Link to Product Page |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belimo | Pressure Independent Control Valve (PICV) | EPIV | Electronic, True Flow Measurement, ½”– 6”, Up to 713 GPM | (https://www.belimo.com/es/) |
| KSB | Pressure Independent Control Valve (PICV) | BOA-Control PIC | Flow Controller & Control Valve, Adjustable Flow Setpoint, Actuator Mounting Option | (https://www.ksb.com/en-es) |
| Caleffi | Static Balancing Valve | QuickSetter+ | Temperature Gauge, Built-in Flow Meter | Caleffi International |
| KSB | Static Balancing Valve | BOA-Control SBV | Maintenance-Free, Continuous Presetting, Measurement Ports | (https://www.ksb.com/en-es) |
| Caleffi | Dynamic Balancing Valve | FlowCal+ | Pressure Independent, Fixed Flow Cartridge | Caleffi International |
| Caleffi | Thermal Balancing Valve | ThermoSetter | Modulating, Temperature Control for DHW | Caleffi International |
Note: Links provided are to the suppliers' main websites for Spain or international, as specific product page links were not consistently available in the research material. Users are advised to navigate to the relevant product categories on these websites.
3. Flow-Divider Valves in Spain: Options, Features, and Suppliers
3.1 Key Suppliers
The Spanish market for flow-divider valves includes major global manufacturers such as Parker and Bosch Rexroth, as well as specialized suppliers like Hydroven S.R.L. and Disumtec. Parker offers a comprehensive range of hydraulic components, including flow divider/combiner valves, and has a direct presence in Spain through Parker Hannifin Italy SRL – Sucursal en España 10. Bosch Rexroth is another leading supplier of industrial hydraulics with a wide portfolio of hydraulic valves, including various types of flow control valves suitable for flow division 41. Hydroven S.R.L., an Italian manufacturer, offers static flow dividers (DEQ series) that are likely available in Spain 60. Disumtec supplies sliding flow dividers and provides pricing information in Euros, suggesting their availability in the European market, including Spain 7. Ahydraulics is an international supplier of hydraulic components, including flow dividers from various brands like HBS Valves, and serves the Spanish market 9. FCA Valves, based in Spain, specializes in providing flow control solutions for industrial applications 64.
3.2 Static Flow Dividers
Static flow dividers are designed to split an incoming flow of hydraulic fluid into two or more equal parts, irrespective of pressure differences that may exist in the outlet branches 8. This ensures synchronized movement of multiple actuators connected to the outlets. Hydroven S.R.L.'s DEQ series of two-way static dividers is designed for this purpose, dividing the inlet oil flow equally regardless of pressure variations in the two circuit branches. The DEQ series is available for flow rates ranging from 1 to 80 liters per minute, with a maximum operating pressure of 250 bar 60. HPS International also offers rotary gear flow dividers that synchronize the movement of 2 or 4 cylinders, with the option to add differential relief valves for protection against excessive pressure differences 8. AR Sistemas highlights flow dividers characterized by high manufacturing accuracy, capable of dividing volumetric flow rates of 2 to 600 liters per minute into 2 to 12 equal or proportional flows, often without needing additional pressure relief valves 66.
For pricing or quote requests for Hydroven S.R.L.'s DEQ series flow dividers, it is recommended to contact Hydroven directly using the contact details provided on their website 60.
3.3 Sliding Flow Dividers
Sliding flow dividers, also known as spool flow dividers, utilize a spool mechanism to divide a single flow of oil into two or more equal flows 7. Disumtec offers a sliding flow divider made of carbon steel, with a working pressure of 250 bar and flow rates ranging from 1 to 250 l/min. These valves have an error tolerance of 3% in the flow division and can operate in temperatures from -30ºC to 100ºC 7. The simplicity of the design makes them suitable for various applications, including agricultural equipment, lifting equipment, and industrial machines. The Disumtec Sliding Flow Divider is priced at €137.41 (tax included) or €113.56 (tax excluded) 7.
3.4 Flow Divider/Combiner Valves
Flow divider/combiner valves offer the flexibility to either split a single flow into multiple streams or combine multiple flows into one. Parker's family of flow divider/combiner valves features interlocking spools that provide pressure compensation in both directions, whether dividing or combining the flow 10. These valves can handle hydraulic system flows up to 320 lpm and pressures up to 420 bar, with various dividing/combining ratios available (e.g., 50-50, 60-40, 66-33). They are ideal for synchronizing cylinders or motors in applications such as construction, material handling, and industrial markets 10. Parker's PD series of flow dividers are pressure-compensated and designed for applications where a single pump serves two separate hydraulic circuits 40. The L06A3-90-90N model from Parker offers a 50-50 flow division ratio, a flow rate of 47 Gal/min, and a maximum pressure of 420 bar 10.
For pricing and quote requests for Parker flow divider/combiner valves in Spain, it is recommended to contact Parker Hannifin Italy SRL – Sucursal en España, whose contact details are available 34.
3.5 Bosch Rexroth Flow Divider Valves
Bosch Rexroth is a major supplier of hydraulic valves in Spain, offering a comprehensive range that includes flow control valves capable of acting as flow dividers 44. Their product line includes proportional flow control valves with integrated pressure compensators 50. One specific flow divider model mentioned offers a 50/50 division ratio and can operate at pressures up to 350 bar 53. Bosch Rexroth also provides datasheets for certain flow divider/combiner valves, such as the DRF series, which offers a 50/50 ratio and a maximum operating pressure of 210 bar 52. Additionally, they offer flow dividers with nominal pressures up to 500 bar and maximum flows up to 440 l/min 57. Their extensive catalog includes various flow control and throttle valves 44, as well as one-way flow control valves 51.
For detailed information on Bosch Rexroth flow divider valves available in Spain, including datasheets and pricing, it is recommended to visit the Bosch Rexroth Spain website or contact their local representatives 44.
3.6 Ahydraulics Flow Divider Valves
Ahydraulics is a supplier of hydraulic valves in Spain, offering a variety of flow dividers from reputable brands like HBS Valves 9. These flow dividers are designed to distribute hydraulic fluid evenly among multiple actuators, ensuring synchronized operation. The flow division ratio in these valves is typically fixed, determined by the internal port diameters 9. Ahydraulics emphasizes providing expert advice and custom design services to help customers select the appropriate flow divider for their specific hydraulic system requirements 61. Their website lists several HBS flow divider products with links to view their details 9. To learn more about the specific features, specifications, and pricing of flow dividers offered by Ahydraulics in Spain, it is recommended to visit their website or contact their specialists directly 9.
3.7 FCA Valves Flow Control Valves
FCA Valves, a Spanish company, specializes in the design and manufacturing of valves for industrial applications, including a range of flow control valves 64. They focus on providing innovative and customized valving solutions, ensuring timely delivery and adherence to international standards. Their expertise in flow control makes them a relevant supplier to consider for flow divider applications in Spain 64. For inquiries regarding their specific flow divider offerings, technical specifications, and pricing, it is advisable to contact FCA Valves directly through their website or via the contact information provided 65.
3.8 Comparative Table of Flow-Divider Valves
The following table provides a comparison of representative flow-divider valves from key suppliers in Spain:
| Supplier | Valve Type | Representative Model | Key Features | Link to Product Page/Contact Info |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hydroven S.R.L. | Static Flow Divider | DEQ Series | Equal Flow Division, 1-80 l/min, Max 250 bar | (https://www.hydroven.com/en/) |
| Disumtec | Sliding Flow Divider | Sliding Flow Divider | Equal Flow Division, 1-250 l/min, 250 bar | Disumtec |
| Parker | Flow Divider/Combiner | L06A3-90-90N | 50-50 Ratio, Up to 47 GPM, Up to 420 bar, Pressure Compensated | (https://ph.parker.com/es/en/product/in-line-flow-control-valve-f-series/f400s) |
| Bosch Rexroth | Flow Divider | DRF Series | 50-50 Ratio, Up to 22 l/min, Up to 210 bar | (https://www.boschrexroth.com/en/es/) |
| Ahydraulics | Flow Divider | HBS Valves (Various Models) | Even Fluid Distribution, Various Sizes & Pressure Ratings | (https://ahydraulics.com/en/) |
| FCA Valves | Flow Control Valve | (Range Available) | Customized Solutions, Various Flow & Pressure Options | FCA Valves |
Note: Links provided are to the suppliers' main websites or contact information where specific product details can be found. Users are advised to navigate to the relevant product categories or contact the suppliers directly.
4. Conclusion and Recommendations
The Spanish market offers a comprehensive selection of pressure-balancing and flow-divider valves from both international leaders and specialized local suppliers. For pressure-balancing applications, Belimo, KSB, and Caleffi provide a range of solutions, including advanced Pressure Independent Control Valves that contribute to energy efficiency in HVAC systems. Static, dynamic, and thermal balancing valves from these manufacturers cater to diverse hydronic system needs. When selecting pressure-balancing valves, it is crucial to consider the specific requirements of the application, such as the desired level of flow control, pressure regulation, and the importance of energy efficiency. Consulting product catalogs and contacting suppliers directly will provide detailed technical specifications and pricing information.
For flow-divider valves, Parker and Bosch Rexroth offer extensive portfolios of hydraulic valves, including those designed for flow division and combination. Specialized suppliers like Hydroven and Disumtec provide focused solutions such as static and sliding flow dividers for applications requiring equal flow distribution. Ahydraulics acts as a distributor for various brands, offering a wide range of options and expert advice. FCA Valves, a local Spanish company, provides customized flow control solutions. When choosing a flow-divider valve, key considerations include the required flow division ratio (equal or proportional), the operating pressure and flow rate of the system, and whether pressure compensation is necessary.
To make an informed selection, users in Spain should:
- Visit the websites of the identified suppliers to explore their product catalogs and download datasheets for specific models.
- Utilize online configuration tools, such as KSB Select, where available, to help narrow down options based on technical requirements.
- Contact the Spanish branches or local distributors of these suppliers directly to request detailed pricing, technical specifications, and application-specific guidance. Contact information for Parker in Spain is available 34, and it is recommended to seek similar contact details for other suppliers through their websites.
- Carefully consider the specific pressure and flow requirements of their systems, the type of media being used, and any specific functionalities needed (e.g., pressure compensation, flow measurement).
- Evaluate factors such as installation and maintenance requirements, as well as the availability of local technical support, before making a final decision.
The analysis indicates that users in Spain have access to a competitive market with a variety of high-quality pressure-balancing and flow-divider valves to meet their diverse application needs. Engaging directly with suppliers is essential to obtain the most accurate and up-to-date information for informed decision-making.
Works cited
- Pressure Independent Control Valves / PICV - Belimo, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.belimo.com/ca/en_US/products/valves/product-documentation/pressure-independent-control-valves
- Pressure Independent Control Valves | Valves | Belimo US Official Site, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.belimo.com/us/shop/en_US/Valves/Pressure-Independent-Control-Valves/c/17705-17650
- Pressure Independent Control Valves / PICV | Belimo, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.belimo.com/us/en_US/products/valves/product-documentation/pressure-independent-control-valves
- Pressure Independent Control Valves - Belimo, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.belimo.com/hk/en_GB/products/valves/product-documentation/pressure-independent-control-valves
- Pressure Independent Control Valves / PICV Valves - Belimo, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.belimo.com/lv/en_GB/products/valves/product-documentation/pressure-independent-control-valves
- Pressure Independent Control Valves | Valves | Belimo Spain ..., accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.belimo.com.cn/es/shop/en_GB/Valves/Pressure-Independent-Control-Valves/c/17705-17650?q=%3Arelevance&page=4&text=&selectedFacets=
- 50/50 Sliding Flow Divider | Buy online at the best price - Disumtec, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.disumtec.com/en/inline-valves/3800000247-sliding-flow-divider.html
- Sale of hydraulic cylinders - Flow Divider - HPS International, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.hpsinternational.com/en/product/42/flow-divider
- Flow Dividers - Ahydraulics, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://ahydraulics.com/en/catalog/product-groups/hydraulic-valves/flow-dividers/
- Parker Flow Divider/Combiner Valves L06A3-90-90N - Wainbee, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.wainbee.com/en/l06a3-90-90n
- Balancing,valve Buyers & Importers in Spain - Volza.com, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.volza.com/p/balancing-or-valve/buyers/buyers-in-spain/
- Balancing Valves - AK Valves Ltd, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.akvalvesltd.com/collections/balancing-valves
- C215QFL-E | Pressure Independent Control Valves | Valves | Belimo Spain Official Site, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.belimo.com/es/shop/en_GB/Valves/Pressure-Independent-Control-Valves/C215QFL-E/p?code=C215QFL-E
- Pressure Independent Control Valves | Valves | Belimo Spain ..., accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.belimo.com/es/shop/en_GB/Valves/Pressure-Independent-Control-Valves/c/17705-17650
- Belimo: Inicio, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.belimo.com/es/
- Full range of balancing valves | KSB, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.ksb.com/en-de/applications/building-services/products/balancingvalves
- KSB balancing valves for optimised supply systems, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.ksb.com/en-br/product/product-types/balancing-valves
- Industrial valves tailored to match your application | KSB, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.ksb.com/en-pl/product/valves
- Full range of balancing valves by KSB, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.ksb.com/en-us/applications/building-services/products/balancingvalves
- BOA-Control IMS - Balancing & shut-off valve with flanged ends - KSB, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.ksb.com/en-cn/lc/products/valve/globe-valve/boa-control-boa-control-ims/B05B
- KSB catalogues - Valves - Tecnica Industriale Srl, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.globalindustrialsupplies.eu/ksb_catalogues/valves/ksb_valves_37.html
- Industrial valves tailored to match your application - KSB, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.ksb.com/en-us/product/valves
- BOA-Control IMS - Balancing & shut-off valve with flanged ends - KSB, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.ksb.com/en-es/lc/products/valve/globe-valve/boa-control-boa-control-ims/B05B
- Pumps, Valves and Service - KSB, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.ksb.com/en-es
- Easy product selection with KSB Select, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.ksb.com/en-es/software-and-know-how/configuration-tools/find-pumps-and-valves-with-ksb-select
- Balancing valve for hydraulic systems. | Caleffi S.p.a., accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.caleffi.com/en-int/balancing-valve-for-hydraulic-systems-130-caleffi-130400
- Balancing valves | Caleffi S.p.a., accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.caleffi.com/en-int/products/balancing-and-control-devices/static-balancing-devices/balancing-valves
- Quicksetter™, Balancing valve with flow meter (FNPT) | Caleffi S.p.a., accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.caleffi.com/en-us/balancing-valve-with-flow-meter-fnpt-132-caleffi-132432a
- Quicksetter+™, Balancing valve with temperature gauge (sweat) | Caleffi S.p.a., accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.caleffi.com/en-us/sweat-balancing-valve-with-temperature-gauge-132-caleffi-132438afc
- Balancing Valves | Caleffi S.p.a., accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.caleffi.com/en-us/products/balancing-valves
- Balancing valve for hydraulic systems. | Caleffi S.p.a., accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.caleffi.com/en-int/balancing-valve-for-hydraulic-systems-130-caleffi-130063
- Balancing valve with flow meter and direct reading of flow rate. | Caleffi S.p.a., accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.caleffi.com/en-int/balancing-valve-with-flow-meter-and-direct-reading-of-flow-rate-132-caleffi-132402
- Válvulas de equilibrado manual Venturi | Caleffi S.p.a., accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.caleffi.com/es-es/productos/dispositivos-para-el-equilibrado-de-los-circuitos/dispositivos-de-equilbrado-estatico-1
- In-line Flow Control Valve – F Series | Spain - Parker, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://ph.parker.com/es/en/product/in-line-flow-control-valve-f-series/f400s
- Flow Control Valves | Parker NA, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://ph.parker.com/us/en/series/flow-control-valves
- J06A2ZN - Needle Flow Control Valves | Spain - Products, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://ph.parker.com/es/en/product/needle-flow-control-valves/j06a2zn
- Ball Valves | Spain - Parker Hannifin, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://ph.parker.com/es/en/series/ball-valves
- Proportional Valves | Spain - Parker Hannifin, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://ph.parker.com/es/en/series/proportional-valves
- Parker F800S | In-line Flow Control Valve - Keep Supply, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.keepsupply.com/f800s-parker-hydraulic-flow-control-valve-5-000-psi-15-0-gallons-per-minute-steel
- Flow Divider – PD Series | Parker NA, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://ph.parker.com/us/en/product-list/flow-divider-pd-series
- Fixed and proportional flow divider valves FV120 / 200 - Webtec, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.webtec.com/products/HFCV_FVA
- Stainless Steel Valves - Parker Hannifin, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.parker.com/content/dam/Parker-com/Literature/Fluid-Control-Division-Europe/English-Catalogues/0111_Stainless-steel_Solenoid-Fluid-control-Valve_UK.pdf
- accessed on January 1, 1970, https://ph.parker.com/es/en/category/flow-divider-combiner-valves
- Hydraulic valves | Bosch Rexroth Spain, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.boschrexroth.com/en/es/products/product-groups/industrial-hydraulics/topics/valves/
- Bosch Rexroth Hydraulic Valves, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://en.alfa-hydraulics.com/manufacutrer//bosch-rexroth-hydraulic-valves.html
- Bosch Rexroth Hydraulic Valves Shipped Worldwide, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://hydraulicsonline.com/product-category/brands/bosch-rexroth/bosch-rexroth-hydraulic-valves/
- Industrial Hydraulics | Bosch Rexroth Spain, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.boschrexroth.com/en/es/products/product-groups/industrial-hydraulics/
- R978899194 - Valves for liquid and hydraulic circuits (Bosch Rexroth) - discover.kyklo.co, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://discover.kyklo.co/es/products/R978899194
- Flow Control Valves - HydraForce, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.hydraforce.com/products/cartridge-valves/flow-control-valves/
- FLOW CONTROL VALVE | R901480554 - Rexroth Store, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://store.boschrexroth.com/Hydraulics/Valves/Cartridge-valves/Multifunction/FLOW-CONTROL-VALVE_R901480554?cclcl=en_US
- Bosch-Rexroth NG 6-One-way flow control, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.landefeld.com/artikel/en/bosch-rexroth-ng-6-one-way-flow-control/Z2FS%206%20A2-4X/2QV
- Flow divider, combiner - Bosch Rexroth, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://apps.boschrexroth.com/products/compact-hydraulics/ch-catalog/pdf/0M51039003Z_RE18309-56.pdf
- Flow Dividers | Bosch Rexroth Africa, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.boschrexroth.africa/en/flow-dividers
- PNEUMATIC PIPING DEVICES Service Information - Livingston & Haven Express Store, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://store.livhaven.com/uploads/aventics_pdfs/R431003554.pdf
- E327e GB Industrial Tools 1 | PDF | Pump | Bearing (Mechanical) - Scribd, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.scribd.com/document/314718509/e327e-Gb-Industrial-Tools-1
- Flow Dividers | Bosch Rexroth Africa, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://boschrexroth.africa/en/flow-dividers
- R901097464 FLOW DIVIDER RTM 25 S2A-1X/440F2H420F15V11-620 - Rexroth Parts, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://rexroth-parts.com/en/valve-amplifiers-1/rtm-25-s2a-1x-440f2h420f15v11-620
- Flow divider and combiner Common cavity, Size 16 - HYDROVER, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.hydrover.it/pdf/040502X27Z.pdf
- Series CD26-PL Plug-in Pneumatic Directional Control Valves - Airline Hydraulics, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://airlinemedia.airlinehyd.com/Literature/Manufacturer_Catalogs/Bosch%20Rexroth/Series%20CD-26-PL%20Plug-in%20Pneumatic%20Directional%20Control%20Valves.pdf
- Static flow dividers DEQ-DEQB | Hydroven Srl, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.hydroven.com/en/products/flow-dividers/static-flow-dividers-deq-deqb
- High-quality hydraulic valves in Spain | Ahydraulics, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://ahydraulics.com/en/about-us/countries/europe/spain/hydraulic-valves-in-spain/
- Flow Divider Without Valves - Group 3 - Vivoil Hydraulics, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.vivoil.com/product/xd301/
- Double A Hydraulics: Valves, Pumps, Rebuild-Repair, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.doubleahydraulics.com/
- Top 60 Flow Control Valve Manufacturers in Spain (2025) - ensun, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://ensun.io/search/flow-control-valve/spain
- FCA Valves | Specialists in Valve Design and Manufacturing, accessed on March 20, 2025, https://www.fcavalves.com/
- FLOW DIVIDER - ARsistemas, accessed on March 20, 2025, http://arsistemas.net/pdfs/CatalogoPOWER.pdf